A catalogue of Western manuscripts at the Bodleian Libraries and selected Oxford colleges

MS. Laud Misc. 465

Summary Catalogue no.: 1147

Homiliary (Paul the Deacon, etc.); Germany, mid-12th century

Contents

(fol. 1r)

An originally blank page, with numerous later inscriptions, some in German, several erased:

‘It(em) hic fuit xiij So[ … ](?) | Salve regina misericordie vita | dulcedo et spes mea’ (upper middle)

‘[ … ] vigilate quia aduers⟨arius⟩ | noster diabolus ⟨tamquam⟩ | leo rugiens circuit quer(?)ens cui resistite fortes(?) | in fide [ … ] domini | nostri’ [cf. I Peter 5:8–9] (upper right corner)

‘Salve regina misericordie vita dulcedo et spes nostra | … | … O clemens. O pia. O dulcis Maria’ (upper middle); the opening words repeated a few times elsewhere on the page (Chevalier 18150; cf. 18147); Analecta hymnica, L (1907), p. 318 no. 245)

Quando(?) incipitur a capite lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore. Dixit Ihesus discipulis suis Vado ad eum qui me misit et nemo ex vobis interrogat me [John 16:5] Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri. De eadem lectione. Quando legitur ex omelia … et nemo ex vobis interrogat me quo vadis et reliqua’ (lower left)

Short pen trials include:

  • ‘Homo quid’, repeated several times
  • ‘In omni tribulatione et angustia nostra mart’ …’
  • ‘Caseus est carus dixit quidam avarus | Non s..detur nisi in festis(?) celebretur’ and variants (cf. Walther, Proverbia, no. 2433)
  • ‘Omnia que tua sunt post mortem nil prosunt’ (Walther, Proverbia, no. 20051)

Passages apparently in German include:

  • Con(?) apt zu selgistat(?) | Item(?) hic fuit her joh..(?) .. | p(r)ior in selgestat(?) | bruk(?) swalbach reddehern | husescem(?) swalbach gorlach(?) | [ ]hart lut’n herkehusen | dadelsem(?) (upper middle; perhaps Konrad II abbot of Seligenstadt c.1269-79)
  • ‘[…]got von Humelrich(?) usz allen’, twice (lower left)

Other phrases are erased or otherwise difficult to read.

Marks of ownership (cf. Provenance) include: ‘Codex sanctorum martirum Marcellini et Petri in Selegunstadt’ (lower middle; written a few times above and below); ‘Edges’ (lower middle)

Language(s): Latin and Middle High German
(fols. 1v–110v)
Homiliary

From Holy Saturday to the Octave of Pentecost (ending incomplete)

Major feast-days include Easter (fol. 6v), the Sunday after Easter (fol. 39v), the first Sunday after the octave of Easter (fol. 4v), Ascension (fol. 74v), and Pentecost (fol. 93r). The vigil of Pentecost starts on a new quire (after the short Quire 11), and is written by a different scribe.

Mostly from the Homiliary of Paul the Deacon, but with additional homilies for Pentecost week including two from the so-called 'Bavarian homiliary', for which see H. Barré, Les homéliaires carolingiens de l'école d'Auxerre: authenticité, inventaire, tableaux comparatifs (Vatican, 1962), 26 and tables. References to Paul the Deacon are to the homilies as numbered in R. Gregoire, Homéliaires liturgiques médiévaux: analyse de manuscrits, 423-78, with numbers in parentheses referring to the collection as described in PL 95.

(fols. 1va–6rb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii I.7 (II.i)
Rubric: Sabbato S. secundum Mattheum. In illo tempore
Incipit: Vespere autem Sabbati […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede de eadem lectione
Incipit: Vigilias nobis huius sacratissime noctis sicut ex lectione
Explicit: promisit inducat, qui uiuit et regnat […]
CCSL 122.225-32; PL 94.133-9; Paul the Deacon 2 (122).
(fols. 6va–7vb)
Ps.-Maximus of Turin, Hom. 53 (57)
Rubric: Sermo beati Maximi episopi de Pascha
Incipit: Non inmerito fratres hodierna die hic psalmus legitur
Explicit: quam addicta captiuitas
CCSL 23.214-6; PL 57.361-4; Paul the Deacon 3
(fols. 7vb–8vb)
Ps.-Maximus of Turin, Hom. 54 (58)
Rubric: Sermo beati Maximi episcopi \de resurrectione domini/
Incipit: ⟨M⟩agnum fratres et mirabile donum
Explicit: Tolle crucem tuam et sequere me
CCSL 23.218-9; PL 57.364-6; Paul the Deacon 4
(fols. 9ra–10ra)
Ps.-Maximus of Turin, Hom. 76 (53)
Rubric: Sermo beati Maximi \episcopi ut supra/
Incipit: Dixit frates quod ad similitudinem Ęuę
Explicit: qui prius se ipse non rexit
CCSL 23.317-8; PL 57.349-52; Paul the Deacon 8 (in secunda feria Paschalis)
(fols. 10ra–13va)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxi
Rubric: Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Marcum. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Maria Magdalene et Maria Iacobi […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Multis vobis lectionibus
Explicit: dedit unicum filium suum […] qui cum eo uiuit […]
PL 76.1169-74; Paul the Deacon 5 (123).
(fols. 13va–14vb)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxiii
Rubric: Feria IIa. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Lucam. In illo tempore
Incipit: Duo ex discipulis […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: In cottidiana vobis sollempnitate laborantibus pauca loquenda sunt
Explicit: recipiat ad regnum
PL 76.1182-3; Paul the Deacon 9 (125).
(fols. 14vb–19vb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.9 (II.ii)
Rubric: Feria tercia. Secundum Lucam. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Stetit Iesus in medio […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri de eadem lectione
Incipit: Gloriam sue resurrectionis
Explicit: hominum homine Iesu Christo qui uiuit […]
CCSL 122.238-45; PL 94.139-44; Paul the Deacon 10 (127).
(fols. 19vb–22vb)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxiv
Rubric: Feria IIIIa. Secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Manifestauit se iterum […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii
Incipit: Lectio sancti evangelii
Explicit: perfectionem roborat. Per Iesum Christum dominum nostrum qui uiuit […]
PL 76.1183-8; Paul the Deacon 11 (129).
(fols. 23ra–29va)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxv
Rubric: Feria V secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Maria stabat ad monumentum […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape
Incipit: Maria Magdalena quę fuerat in ciuitate peccatrix
Explicit: consolabitur gaudio; qui uiuit […]
PL 76.1188-96; Paul the Deacon 12 (131).
(fols. 29va–33vb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.8 (II.iii)
Rubric: Feria sexta. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Mattheum. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Vndecim discipuli […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri de eadem lectione
Incipit: Evvangelica lectio fratres karissimi quam modo audiuimus
Explicit: premia subleuet; in qua uiuit […]
CCSL 122.233-8; PL 94.144-9; Paul the Deacon 13 (132)
(fols. 33vb–39va)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxii
Rubric: In Sabbato. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Vna sabbatorum […]
Rubric: (fol. 34ra) Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Fractus longa molestia stomachus
Explicit: adiuuat ipse quem amamus Iesus Christus dominus noster qui uiuit et regnat […]
PL 76.1174-84; Paul the Deacon (133)
(fols. 39va–40vb)
Augustine, Tractatus in euangelium Iohannis CXXI.4-5
Rubric: Dominica in octaua Pasche. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Cum esset sero die illo una sabbatorum […]
Rubric: (fol. 39vb) Omelia beati Augustini episopi
Incipit: Cum esset ergo sero die illa una sabbatorum, et fores essent clausę
Explicit: alias disputemus
CCSL 36.667-8; PL 35.1958-9; Paul the Deacon 14 (in die sabbati post Pascha)
(fols. 40vb–46va)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxvi
Rubric: Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Thomas unus duodecim […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Prima lectionis huius euangelicę questio
Explicit: singulariter amatis, qui uiuit et regnat […]
PL 76.1197-1204; Paul the Deacon 15 (134)
(fols. 46va–49va)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia I.xiv
Rubric: Dominica prima post octauam Pasche
Rubric: (fol. 46vb) Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Ego sum pastor bonus […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Audistis fratres karissimi ex lectione euangelica eruditionem uestram
Explicit: in peruentione satiemur
PL 76.1127-1130; Paul the Deacon 20 (137)
(fols. 49va–52va)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.13 (II.v)
Rubric: Dominica IIa. Lectio evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Modicum et iam […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Leta domini et salvatoris nostri
Explicit: remunerator uincentium Iesus Christus dominus noster qui uiuit […]
CSL 122.267-71; PL 94.154-8; Paul the Deacon 21 (138)
(fols. 52va–57rb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.11 (II.vi)
Rubric: Dominica tercia. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Vado ad eum […]
Rubric: (fol. 52vb) Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Sicut ex lectione euuagelica frates karissimi audiuimus, dominus et redemptor
Explicit: dare consueuit Iesu Christo domino nostri qui uiuit […]
CCSL 122.253-9; PL 94.158-163; Paul the Deacon 22 (139)
(fols. 57rb–61ra)
Augustine, Tractatus in euangelium Iohannis LXVII.1-LXXI.3 (extracts)
Rubric: In natali sanctorum Philippi et Iacobi. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Non turbetur cor […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Augustini
Incipit: Erigenda est nobis fratres karissimi ad deum maior intentio
Explicit: maiora horum faciet
CCSL 36.495-507; PL 35.1812-1822; Paul the Deacon 23
(fols. 61ra–65rb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.12 (II.vii)
Rubric: Dominica V. Lectio evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Amen Amen […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Potest mouere infirmos auditores
Explicit: regnat deus in unitate spiritus […]
CCSL 122.260-6; PL 94.163-8; Paul the Deacon 24 (140)
(fols. 65rb–70vb)
Rubric: In letania Romana. Lectio s⟨ancti evangelii⟩ secundum Lucam. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Quis vestrum habebit […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Rogatus a discipul⟨is⟩
Explicit: ante secula preparauit, per Iesum Christum dominum nostrum qui […]

Bede, In Lucam III.11 (CCSL 120.228, PL 92.473) followed by Hom. euangelii II.14 (II.8) (CCSL 122.272-9, PL 94.168-74); Paul the Deacon 19 (141)

(fols. 70vb–74va)
Augustine, Tractatus in euangelium Iohannis CV.1-CVII.4
Rubric: In vigilia ascensionis domini. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Subleuatis Iesus oculis […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Augustini episcopi
Incipit: Glorificatum a patre filium
Explicit: cur dixerit iam non sum in mundo
CCSL 36.603-14; PL 35.1904-1913; Paul the Deacon 25
(fols. 74va–75vb)
Leo, Serm. LXXIII (LXXI)
Rubric: Sermo beati Leonis de ascensione domini
Incipit: Post beatam et gloriosam resurrectionem
Explicit: ad patris dextram collocauit, qui uiuit […]
CCSL 138A.450-4; PL 54.394-6; Paul the Deacon 26 (144)
(fols. 75vb–80rb)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxix
Rubric: In ascensione domini. Lectio sancti evangelii secundum Marcum. In illo tempore
Incipit: \Recumbentibus undecim discipulis […] /
Rubric: Omelia beati Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Quod resurrectionem dominicam discipuli tarde crediderunt
Explicit: desider⟨ium⟩ nostrum ipse qui dedit, Iesus Christu dominus nostre qui uiuit […]
PL 76.1213-19; Paul the Deacon 28 (143)
(fols. 80rb–86vb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.16 (II.x)
Rubric: Dominica post ascensionem. ⟨Lectio sancti evangelii⟩ secundum Ioh⟨annem⟩. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Cum uenerit paraclit⟨us⟩ […]
Rubric: (fol. 80va) Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Ex multis sancti evangelii locis inuenimus
Explicit: paschalia sacramenta prerogauit Iesus Christus dominus noster qui uiuit […]
CCSL 122.290-300; PL 94.181-9; Paul the Deacon 29 (145)
(fols. 87ra–91vb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.17 (II.xi)
Rubric: In vigilia pentecostis. Secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Si diligitis me […]
Rubric: Omeila venerabilis Bede presbiteri de eadem
Incipit: Quia vigilias venturę sollemnitatis de aduentu spiritus sancti celebramus fratres karissimi debemus ipsi bonis et sanctis moribus congruere sollemnitati quam colimus
Explicit: mundus esset apud patrem, cum quo uiuit […]
CCSL 122.301-10; PL 94.189-197; Paul the Deacon 30 (146)
(fols. 91vb–93va)
Leo, Serm. LXXV (LXXIII)
Rubric: In die sancto Pentecostes. Sermo beati Leonis pape.
Incipit: Hodiernam sollempnitatem dilectissimi in precipuis festis esse uenerandum
Explicit: consueta deuotione uigilias celebremus, adiuuante domino nostro Iesu Christo qui uiuit […]
CCSL 138A.465-71; PL 54.400-4; Paul the Deacon 31
(fols. 93va–95vb)
Leo, Serm. LXXVI (LXXIV)
Rubric: In die sancto Pentecostes. Sermo beati Leonis pape.
Incipit: Plenissime quidem nobis dilectissimi causam
Explicit: obtinere mereamur. Per Iesum Christum dominum nostrum.
CCSL 138A.472-86; PL 54.404-11; Paul the Deacon 32
(fols. 95vb–100rb)
Gregory the Great, Homiliae in euangelia II.xxx
Rubric: Secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Si quis diligit […]
Rubric: Omelia Gregorii pape de eadem lectione
Incipit: Libet fratres karissimi euangelice uerba lectionis sub breuitate
Explicit: non relinquitur sed datur, per dominum nostrum Iesum Christum qui uiuit […]
PL 76.1219-1227; Paul the Deacon 33 (147)
(fols. 100rb–101rb)
Rabanus Maurus, Hom. LX
Rubric: Feria IIa. Secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Sic enim \deus/ […]
Incipit: Notandum quod dominus eadem de filio dei unigenito replicat
Explicit: Currite dum lucem habetis ne tenebre uos comprehendant
PL 110.261-2
(fols. 101rb–103rb)
Rabanus Maurus, Hom. LXII
Rubric: Feria IIIa. Secundum Johannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Amen Amen dico uobis qui non intrat […]
Rubric: \Omelia beati Augustini/
Incipit: Hoc per uerbum\prouerbium/ dicit eis Iesus. Illi autem non cognouerunt quid loqueretur eis. Propter Phariseorum
Explicit: sed cum ipso pastore uiuant in eterna beatitudine et regnent per omnia secula seculorum Amen
PL 110.263-6
(fols. 103rb–106va)
Augustine, Tract. in Iohannem XXVI
Rubric: Feria IIII. Secundum Johannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Dixit Iesus discipulis suis, Ego sum panis […]
Rubric: Omelia Augustini episopi
Incipit: Cum dominus noster Iesus Christus sicut in euangelio cum legeretur audiuimus panem se esse dixisset
Explicit: moriuntur qui Christum manducant sed uiuunt in ęternum quia Christus uita ęterna est
PL 35.1606-1615; Paul the Deacon (152)
(fols. 106va–107rb)
Rubric: Feria V secundum Lucam. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Conuocatis Iesus duodecim […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri
Incipit: Modo frates cum euangelium legeretur audiuimus quia conuocatis Iesus duodecim apostolis dedit illis uirtutem et potestatem super omnia demonia et ut languores curarent. Et misit illos predicare regnum dei et sanare infirmos. Fortasse enim nemo crederet hominibus illitteratis
Explicit: nos uicium gule abscidamus a nobis adiuuante deo uero et uiuo qui uiuit […]

Bavarian Homiliary II.8 (Barré 256)

(fols. 107rb–108rb)
Ambrose, Expositio in Lucam, V.10-15
Rubric: Feria VIa secundum Lucam. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Factum est in una dierum et Iesus sedebat […]
Rubric: Ambrosii episcopi
Incipit: Et ecce viri portantes in lecto hominem
Explicit: aliosquoque eorum lepra contaminet
ed. Gabriel Tissot, Sources chrétiennes (1956-8), I.186-8
(fols. 108rb–109rb)
Rubric: Sabbato. Secundum Lucam. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Surgens Iesus de synagoga […]
Rubric: Omelia beati Ambrosii
Incipit: Cum intravit in domum Petri ut audistis ex lectione euangelica fratres karissimi socrus Petri tenebatur magnis febribus. Domus Petri quod dicitur vetus lex intelligitur
Explicit: pax uera quę iam nobis non relinquitur sed datur, per dominum nostrum Iesum Christum qui uiuit […]
Bavarian Homiliary, I.47 (Barré 336)
(fols. 109rb–110vb)
Bede, Homiliae euangelii II.18 (II.xii)
Rubric: In octava Pentecostes. Secundum Iohannem. In illo tempore.
Incipit: Erat homo ex phariseis […]
Rubric: Omelia venerabilis Bede presbiteri de eadem lectione
Incipit: Sicut ex lectione sancti euangelii fratres karissimi audistis princeps Iudeorum uenit ad dominum nocte
Explicit: subiungit uero de terrenis et sicut Moyses exalta||
CCSL 122.311-7; PL 94.197-202; Paul the Deacon 16 (In Pascha annotina)
Language(s): Latin

Physical Description

Two codicological units (production units), fols. 1-86 and fol. 87-110
Secundo Folio: sionis sepulture
Form: codex
Support: parchment; with occasional original holes and other flaws; one or more of the outer margins often excised
Extent: i + 110 + i leaves
Dimensions (leaf): 355 × 245 mm.
Foliation: i, 1-111 in pencil

Collation

1–9(8), 10(8-1) (fols. 73–79, 6th leaf missing before fol. 78 but with no loss of text), 11(8–1) (fols. 80–86; last presumably blank cancelled) | 12–14(8); late(?)-medieval quire signatures in Roman numerals [i]– xiiij; ‘ix’ is used for both the 9th and 10th quires (fols. 72v, 79v, where corrected to ‘ixi’), but the 11th is correctly signed ‘xi’; ‘xiij’ occurs twice on one page (fol. 102v).

Layout

Ruled in plummet for two columns of 31 lines.

Fols. 1v-86v: ruled space 275 × 160 mm.

Fols. 87r-110v: ruled space 275 × 185 mm.

Hand(s)

Written mainly by two formal Romanesque bookhands, changing at the start of Quire 12.

Decoration

One historiated initial in red ink and green wash: St Matthew(?): a full-length standing male numbed figure, beardless but with long hair; he stands on top of a large foliate initial ‘U’ (fol. 1v).

Most of the major decoration occurs in the second part of the volume: One pair of large initials in red with a pale yellow wash background (fol. 87r); other major initials at the vigil of Pentecost (fol. 87r), and Pentecost (fols. 91v, 93v, 95v), the latter with a dragon-bird-vegetal hybrid. One foliate initial is sketched but not inked (fol. 6v); some spaces completely blank or with very faint designs sketched (e.g fol. 10r).

Doodles include human and animal/demon faces and figures, black-letter letters in outline, etc. (fol. 1r)

Binding

Laudian binding. Sewn on four bands laced into pasteboards covered with brown leather, the centre of each cover stamped in gilt with the arms of archbishop Laud; no pastedowns; fore-edge tabs made partly from reused MS. waste (see e.g. fol. 2v); modern flyleaves; the joints repaired; traces of two ties at the fore-edge; the spine with vestiges of paper labels.

Accompanying Material

The Summary Catalogue records the presence of ‘a fragment of a Latin Antiphoner of German origin’ which ‘may be 14th c.’, not mentioned in the Laud catalogue, and now absent.

History

Origin: 12th century, middle ; German

Provenance and Acquisition

Seligenstadt (diocese of Mainz), Benedictine abbey of Sts Marcellinus and Peter: inscribed in the 13th(?) century, ‘Codex sanctorum martirum Marcellini et Petri in Selegunstadt’(?) (fol. 1r, several times), and ‘Codex sanctorum mart..(?)’ (fol. 49r, upper margin).

The excision of margins happened by the 15th(?) century, to judge by the attempts to restore missing letters and words (e.g. fols. 20r, 26v, 65r–v); a 14th(?)-century hand added notes next to some texts which lack adequate rubrics, e.g. ‘de resurrectione domini’ (fol. 7v), and ‘in chor⟨o⟩’ (fol. 106r).

Presumably in a Cistercian or Carthusian house when punctus elevatus punctuation was altered to punctus flexus punctuation (e.g. fol. 9r–v). The Summary Catalogue suggested that the 15th(?)-century shelfmark(?) (fol. 1v) in the form of a ‘U’ flanked on each side by squiggles shaped like a ‘z’ or medieval arabic numeral ‘2’, themselves flanked on each side by a dot: ‘.z. U .z.’, was comparable to a shelfmark(?) in MS. Laud Misc. 456, from the Mainz Charterhouse. The comparison is not convincing and there is no other evidence for Mainz provenance.

‘Edges’ written in a 16th- or early 17th-century English(?) hand (fols. 1r, 2r, lower margin).

Archbishop William Laud, 1573–1645: with the usual inscription, here dated 1638 (fol. 1v, lower margin).

Part of his third donation to the Bodleian, 1639. Former Bodleian shelfmarks: ‘F.110’ (crossed through) and ‘Laud 465’ (encircled) (inside front cover).

Record Sources

Description (May 2021) by Peter Kidd, edited by Matthew Holford. Previously described in the Quarto Catalogue (H. O. Coxe, Laudian Manuscripts, Quarto Catalogues II, repr. with corrections, 1969, from the original ed. of 1858–1885).

Digital Images

Digital Bodleian (full digital facsimile)

Bibliography

Last Substantive Revision

2021-05: Description fully revised for Polonsky German digitization project.