A catalogue of Western manuscripts at the Bodleian Libraries and selected Oxford colleges

MS. Rawl. C. 641

Summary Catalogue no.: 12487

A Proverbs, legal texts, etc., in Latin and Anglo-Norman; England, late 12th century. B Assize of Clarendon, Inquest of sheriffs, Magna Carta; England, early 13th century. C Instituta Knuti, Coronation Charter of Henry I, etc. England, late 12th century.

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: parchment

Collation

1(8) (fols. 1-8), 2(8+2?) (fols. 9-18, with fols. 17-18, possibly a bifolium, added after 8?) | 3(8+1?) (fols. 19-27, with fol. 27 added after 8?; or fol. 27 may belong with quire 4), 4(2) (fols. 28-9) | 5(8)-6(8) (fols. 30-45). Uncertain in places due to 19th-century repairs.

Binding

17th- or 18th- century calf over pasteboards, extensively repaired in the 19th century. Pricks marking out the medieval sewing stations are visible, especially in parts A and C.

History

Provenance and Acquisition

Apparently made up from three independent units (A fols. 1-18, B fols. 19-27, C fols. 30-45), perhaps only combined in the 16th century when the legal contents of all three parts were heavily annotated by a single hand. Unit C, fols. 30-45, was apparently in the fifteenth century part of a larger legal manuscript; see further item 12 below. Parts A and C may however have shared a common earlier provenance based on similarities of script and decoration and prickings for binding.

The annotator collated the text of item 2 against 'Mr Lucas boke' and quoted 'Fabian' as an authority (fol. 30r).

Richard Rawlinson, 1690–1755; his source of acquisition not known.

Bequeathed to the Bodleian in 1755

MS. Rawl. C. 641, fols. 1-18

Contents

1. (fols. 1r–2v)
Short florilegium

Sentences and questions associated with the school of Anselm of Laon (i-ii, v), two short extracts from Augustine (iii-iv), and maxims (vi-vii). The sources and circulation of vi-vii are discussed by Michael Reeve, 'The Florilegium Angelicum and ‘Seneca’, De moribus', in Et Amicorum: Essays on Renaissance Humanism and Philosophy (2018), 262-80; additionally iv-vi circulate together in Cambridge, Trinity College, MS. B. 1. 30.

i. (fol. 1r–2r)
Incipit: Deus fecit hominem bonum et iustum hac conditione tamen quod si frangeret obedientiam, morte moreretur
Explicit: quia iustum et immunem a peccato inuaserat

Anselmi Laudunensis et Radulfi fratri ejus sententias excerptas, ed. G. Lefèvre (1895), pp. 13-17, here ending differently (cf. D. O. Lottin, 'Pour une édition critique du «Liber Pancrisis»', Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale, 13 (1946), 185-201, no. 147)

ii. (fol. 2r)
Incipit: Queritur cum ubique totus deus esset quomodo magis potest fuit in utero uirginis
Explicit: personaliter unita credatur

Cf. PL 153.303 and D. O. Lottin, 'Nouveaux fragments théologiques de l'école d'Anselme de Laon: Manuscrits de Munich', Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale, 13 (1946), 202-221, no. 292

iii. (fol. 2r–v)
Rubric: \Augustinus/
Incipit: Queritur an Christus ex eo quod uerbum est posuerit animam, an ex eo quod humana anima est, an ex eo quod caro est
Explicit: sine anima sepulta est
iv. (fol. 2v)
Rubric: \Augustinus/
Incipit: Laudari a male uiuentibus nolo, abhorreo, detestor
Explicit: ne ingrati sint quibus predico

Short extract from Augustine, Serm. Frangipane 2 (PL 46.961).

v. (fol. 2v)
Incipit: Cum homo mutatur de uiciis ad seruitium dei
Explicit: ferre aduersa usque in finem
Cédric Giraud, 'Théologie et Pédagogie au XIIe siècle : les sentences d'Anselme de Laon et de son école dans le manuscrit Paris, BNF, n.a.l. 181', Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Âge 79 (2012) 193-287, no. 129 = D. O. Lottin, 'Nouveaux fragments théologiques de l'école d'Anselme de Laon: Deux manuscrits d'Oxford', Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale, 14 (1947), 5-31, no. 416
vi. (fol. 2v)
Rubric: Precepta Pitagore phylosophi
Incipit: Fugienda sunt omnibus modis et abscidenda igni ac ferro
Explicit: que sola homines proximos deo facit
vii. (fols. 2v–3r)
Rubric: Enigmata que Arist(oteles) posuit
Incipit: Staterum ne transileas id est ne pretergrediaris iusticiam
Explicit: Nichil facias quod fecisse peniteat
Language(s): Latin
2. (fols. 3r–10r)
Leges Edwardi Confessoris
Incipit: Post quartum annum adquisitionis regis Willelmi istius terre
Explicit: cognitione uenditorum

Second version.

Early English Laws, ECf2, sigl. Rl
Bruce R. O’Brien, God’s Peace and King’s Peace: the Laws of Edward the Confessor (Philadelphia, 1999)
Felix Liebermann, ed., Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 3 vols (Halle, 1903–1916), vol. 1, pp. 627–70
Language(s): Latin
3. (fols. 10r–13r)
Guernes de Pont-ste-Maxence, La vie de saint Thomas le martyr (extracts, mostly relating to the Constitutions of Clarendon)
Incipit: Si uus uulez les leis le rei Henri oir
Explicit: I a ni aura un denier de ma terre dime.

ed. E. Walberg (1922), ll. 2391-2490 (fol. 11v line 25), 2505-2555 (fol. 12v line 12), (in a darker ink) 1401-1410, 751-770.

Rest of fol. 13r blank.

Language(s): Anglo-Norman
4. (fol. 13v–14v)
Proverbs

Some attributed to Serlo of Wilton.

Rubric: \Prouerbia bona/ [14th century?]
Incipit: ⟨D⟩eez ait tant maistres, dist le crapolt a la herce. | Sic buffo crati, Ve cui sunt dominati. | Buffo crate fatur, Ve turba quibus dominatur
Explicit: De pute espine, pute furdine. | Meuz valt turn de mulin ke pet de mastin.

Ker notes two Middle English proverbs on fol. 13v.

Edmund Stengel, ‘Die beiden Sammlungen altfranzösischer Sprichwörter in der Oxforder Hs. Rawlinson C.641’, Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur 21 (1899), 1-21 at 3-7 (this manuscript)
Albert C. Friend, ‘The Proverbs of Serlo of Wilton’, Mediaeval Studies 16 (1954), 179-218 (beginning with his proverb 7)
Language(s): Latin, Anglo-Norman, and Middle English
5. (fols. 15r–18v)
Proverbs ('Li Proverbe que dit li vilains')
Incipit: ⟨C⟩i sunt li proverbe que dit li vilains. | Qui de tote se guard de alcune estape.| Qui od conseil oure ne fait ablasmer.| Asez set chat ki barbes il leche.
Explicit: Qui riens na rien ne pert ne ses amis nel plaignent.| Fol marchant folement bargaigne.
Edmund Stengel, ‘Die beiden Sammlungen altfranzösischer Sprichwörter in der Oxforder Hs. Rawlinson C.641’, Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur 21 (1899), 1-21 at 7-13 (this manuscript)
Language(s): Anglo-Norman

Physical Description

Secundo Folio: ⟨dia⟩bolus iniuste
Form: codex
Support: parchment
Dimensions (leaf): c. 185 × c. 135 mm.

Layout

31 lines. Ruled in leadpoint, ruled space 140 × 92–95 mm. (inner bounding lines). In one column except for fols. 13v-15r, two columns.

Hand(s)

Protogothic; several hands (probably six: fols.1r-7r; 7v-10r; 10v-12v12; 12v13-13r; 13v-14v; 15r-18v).

Decoration

(fols. 1r-4r) plain initials with minor arabesque decoration in the ink of the text

(fols. 10r-13r) plain coloured initials alternating green and red.

History

Origin: 12th century, late ; England

MS. Rawl. C. 641, fols. 19-29

Contents

6. (fols. 19r–20r)
Assize of Clarendon
Rubric: Incipit Asisa de Clarenduna, facta a Rege Henrico, scil. secundo, de assensu archiepiscoporum, episcoporum, abbatum, comitum, baronum totius Anglie
Early English Laws, Ass Clar
William Stubbs, ed., Select Charters and Other Illustrations of English Constitutional History, 9th edn, rev. by H. W. C. Davis (Oxford, 1921), pp. 170–3, from this manuscript.
Language(s): Latin
7. (fols. 20r–21r)
Inquest of sheriffs (1170)
Early English Laws, Inq Sher1
William Stubbs, ed., Select Charters and Other Illustrations of English Constitutional History, 9th edn, rev. by H. W. C. Davis (Oxford, 1921), pp. 175–78, from this manuscript.
Language(s): Latin
8. (fols. 21v–29r)
Magna Carta (1215)
Rubric: \Carta de Rovndmeide/

An addition, written slightly later than the preceding item.

The text (and later annotations) are discussed by David Carpenter, 'Magna Carta 1215', The Magna Carta Project: The Copies of Magna Carta, raising the possibility 'that the copy derives from an unofficial text of the Charter made on 16 June'

Rest of fol. 29r and fol. 29v blank.

Language(s): Latin

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: parchment
Dimensions (leaf): c. 185 × c. 130 mm.
(fols. 19-26 with irregular edges)

Layout

29 long lines, written above top line. Two series of prickings in the outer margins, and pricking in the inner margins. Ruled space 130–5 × 90–5 mm. (inner bounding lines)

Hand(s)

Two hands: fols. 19r-21r; fols. 21v-29r.

Decoration

Plain coloured initials alternating light blue and red.

History

Origin: 13th century, first third (?) (partly after 1215) ; England

MS. Rawl. C. 641, fols. 30-45

Contents

9. (fols. 30r–43r)
'Instituta Cnuti'
Rubric: \Instituciones Kundi rex Angl./

One of the Latin translations of Cnut's code (I-II Cnut). There are six Old English glosses (fols. 32r, 33r, 34v, 40v: see Ker) also found in the Textus Roffensis but not in other copies.

F. Liebermann, 'On the Instituta Cnuti Aliorumque Regum Anglorum', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, New Series, Vol. 7 (1893), pp. 77-107
Felix Liebermann, ed., Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 3 vols (Halle, 1903–1916), vol. 1, pp. 612-616
Language(s): Latin with Old English
10. (fols. 43r–44r)
Coronation Charter of Henry I
Rubric: \Instituciones Henrici regis anno domini Mo Cm. primo/

So-called 'Rochester' version, i.e. that found in the Textus Roffensis.

Early English Laws, Hn cor
Language(s): Latin
11. (fols. 44r–45r)
Articles of William I
Incipit: In primis quod super omnia unum uellet deum
Explicit: forisfacturam meam plenam
Early English Laws, WI art
Felix Liebermann, ed., Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, 3 vols (Halle, 1903–1916), vol. 1, pp. 486–88.
Language(s): Latin
12. (fol. 46v)

14th-century table of contents: ‘In isto libro continentur infrascripta .1. Excerpta de legibus sinodis et conciliis paparum et aliorum in principio .2. Instituciones Knuti regis Angl' ante conquestum .3. Instituciones Henrici regis anno domini Mo Cmo primo in Latinam .4. Leges Willelmi conquestoris .5. Tractatus Henrici regis secundi de legibus et consuetudinibus Anglie \compositus per ranulphum Glanvillam/ .6. Assisa de Clarendon facta a rege Henrico secundo .7. Carta de Rovndmeide facto anno regni regis Johannis 17mo.’. Items 4-6 are later (late 14th- / early 15th-century) additions. Item 7 and the addition to item 5 are added by a 16th-century annotator (discussed above). Contrary to earlier commentators, only items 2-3 can be identified with certainty in the present manuscript; the rubrics on fols. 31r and 43r are in the same hand as the table of contents, a hand not found elsewhere in the manuscript.

Fol. 46r is blank.

Language(s): Latin

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: parchment
Dimensions (leaf): c. 190 × c. 135 mm.

Layout

31 long lines; ruled in leadpoint; written above top line; ruled space c. 140 × 90 mm. .

Hand(s)

Two hands: fols. 30r-35v; fols. 35v-45r, the second resembling that of fols. 12v-13r.

Decoration

1- and 2-line initials, alternating green and red, occasionally with arabesque decoration in the contrasting colour.

History

Origin: 12th century, late ; England

Provenance

Texts closely related to those found in the Textus Roffensis, perhaps suggesting an origin in Kent.

Additional Information

Record Sources

Description by Matthew Holford (March 2024). Previously described in the Quarto Catalogue (W. D. Macray, Catalogi codicum manuscriptorum Bibliothecæ Bodleianæ...viri munificentissimi Ricardi Rawlinson, J.C.D., codicum...complectens, Quarto Catalogues V, 5 fascicles, 1862–1900).

Bibliography

Last Substantive Revision

2024-03: Description fully revised.